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BeamOS – Routing

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Summary

This chapter is an overview of the Routing section in BEAM devices.

Static Routes

Static routes specify over which interface and gateway a certain host or network can be reached. In this page you can configure your own custom routes.
BeamOS network routing static routes screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Routing table
Main | WAN | WAN2 | WAN3; Default: WAN
Defines which table will be used for the route in question
Interface
LAN | WAN(wired) | WAN2(Mobile) | WAN3(WiFi) | VPN instances; Default: WAN(wired)
The zone where the target network resides
Destination address*
ip; Default: 0.0.0.0
The address of the destination network
Netmask*
ip; Default: 0.0.0.0
A Mask that is applied to the Target to determine to what actual IP addresses the routing rule applies
Gateway
ip; Default: ” “
Defines where the router should send all the traffic that applies to the rule
Metric
integer; Default: 0
The Metric value is used as a sorting measure. If a packet about to be routed fits two rules, the one with the higher metric is applied

*Additional notes on Destination & Netmask:

You can define a rule that applies to a single IP like this: Destination – some IP; Netmask – 255.255.255.255. Furthermore, you can define a rule that applies to a segment of IPs like this: Destination – some IP that STARTS some segment; Netmask – Netmask that defines how large the segment is. e.g.:

Field Name
Value
Description
192.168.55.161
255.255.255.255
Only applies to 192.168.55.161
192.168.55.0
255.255.255.240
Applies to IPs in the 192.168.55.0 – 192.168.55.255
192.168.55.240
255.255.255.240
192.168.55.240 – 192.168.55.255
192.168.55.161
255.255.255.0
192.168.55.0 – 192.168.55.255
192.168.0.0
255.255.0.0
192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255

Static ARP entries

Static ARP entries are used to bind a MAC address to a specific IP address. For example, if you want a device to get the same IP every time it connects to the router, you can create a Static ARP entry by binding that device’s MAC address to the desired IP address. The router will then create an entry in the ARP table, which in turn will make sure that that device will get the specified IP address every time.

BeamOS network routing static routes static arp entries screen

Dynamic Routes

BGP Protocol

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardized exterior gateway protocol designed to exchange routing and reachability information among autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet. The protocol is often classified as a path vector protocol but is sometimes also classed as a distance-vector routing protocol. The Border Gateway Protocol makes routing decisions based on paths, network policies, or rule-sets configured by a network administrator and is involved in making core routing decisions.

General Settings
BeamOS Network routing dynamic routes bgp general screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles the BGP protocol ON or OFF
Enable vty
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles vty access from LAN ON or OFF
Import config
Uploads an external BGP configuration
BGP Instance
BeamOS network routing dynamic routes bgp instance screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles the BGP instance ON or OFF
AS
integer: ” “
AS number is an identification of an autonomous system. BGP protocol uses the AS number for detecting whether the BGP connection is an internal one or external one. [Required]
BGP router ID
string; Default: ” “
The router id is used by BGP to identify the routing device from which a packet originated. Default router ID value is selected as the largest IP Address of the interface.
Network
string; Default: ” “
Add an announcement network(s)
BGP Peers
BeamOS network routing dynamic routes bgp peers screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles the BGP peer ON or OFF
Remote AS
integer: ” “
Neighbour’s remote AS
Remote Address
ip; Default: ” “
Neighbour’s remote IPv4 address
Access List Filters
BeamOS network routing dynamic routes bgp access list filters screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles the Access filter ON or OFF
Peer
bgp peer; Default: first peer on list
Applies the rule for the specified peer
Action
Permit | Deny; Default: Permit
Denies or permits matched entry
Network
Any | ip; Default: Any
Applies filter rule for this source network
Direction
Inbound | Outbound; Default: Inbound
If direction is Inbound, the access list is applied to input routes. If direction is Outbound the access list is applied to advertised routes

RIP Protocol

The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is one of the oldest distance-vector routing protocols which employ the hop count as a routing metric. RIP prevents routing loops by implementing a limit on the number of hops allowed in a path from source to destination. The maximum number of hops allowed for RIP is 15, which limits the size of networks that RIP can support. A hop count of 16 is considered an infinite distance and the route is considered unreachable. RIP implements the split horizon, route poisoning and holddown mechanisms to prevent incorrect routing information from being propagated.

General
BeamOS network routing dynamic routes rip general screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles RIP Protocol ON or OFF
Enable vty
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles vty access from LAN ON or OFF
Import config
Uses imported RIP configurations
Version
2 | 1; Default: 2
Specifies the version of RIP
Neighbor
ip; Default: ” “
Neighbour IP address
RIP Interfaces
BeamOS network routing dynamic routes rip rip interfaces screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles RIP Interface ON or OFF
Interface
network interface; Default: no
Network interface to be used with the RIP interface
Passive interface
yes | no; Default: no
Sets the specified interface to passive mode. On passive mode interface, all receiving packets are processed as normal and ripd does not send either multicast or unicast RIP packets
Access list filters
BeamOS network routing dynamic routes bgp access list filters screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles the Access filter ON or OFF
RIP Interface
rip peer; Default: first rip on list
Network interface to be used with the RIP interface
Action
Permit | Deny; Default: Permit
Denies or permits matched entry
Network
Any | ip; Default: Any
Applies filter rule for this source network
Direction
Inbound | Outbound; Default: Inbound
If direction is Inbound, the access list is applied to input routes. If direction is Outbound the access list is applied to advertised routes

OSPF Protocol

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a routing protocol for Internet Protocol (IP) networks. It uses a link state routing (LSR) algorithm and falls into the group of interior gateway protocols (IGPs), operating within a single autonomous system (AS). It is defined as OSPF Version 2 in RFC 2328 for IPv4.

General Settings
BeamOS network routing dynamic routes ospf general screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles OSPF Protocol ON or OFF
Enable vty
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles vty access from LAN ON or OFF
Import config
Uses imported OSPF configurations
Router ID
ip; Default: ” “
Sets the router-ID of the OSPF process. The router-ID may be an IP address of the router, but need not be – it can be any arbitrary 32bit number
OSPF Interface
BeamOS network routing dynamic routes ospf ospf interface screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles OSPF interface ON or OFF
Cost
integer [1..65535]; Default: 10
The cost value is set to router-LSA’s metric field and used for SPF calculation
Hello interval
integer [1..65535]; Default: 10
Hello packets will be sent at the frequency specified in this field (in seconds)
Router Dead Interval
integer [1..65535]; Default: 40
This value must be the same for all routers attached to a common network
Retransmit
integer [1..65535]; Default: 5
This value is used when re-transmitting Database Description and Link State Request packets
Priority
integer [0..255]; Default: 1
The router with the highest priority will be more eligible to become the Designated Router. Setting the value to 0, makes the router ineligible to become the Designated Router
Type
Broadcast | Nonbroadcast | Point-to-point | Point-to-multipoint; Default: ” “
Set explicit network type for the specified interface
Authentification
None | Password | MD5 HMAC; Default: ” “
Specifies the authentication mode that should be used for the interface
OSPF Area
BeamOS etwork routing dynamic routes ospf area screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles OSPF area ON or OFF
Area
[a.b.c.d]; Default: ” “
Specifies OSPF area
OSPF Networks
BeamOS network routing dynamic routes ospf networks screen
Field Name
Value
Description
Enable
yes | no; Default: no
Toggles OSPF network ON or OFF
Network
[a.b.c.d/m]; Default: ” “
This command specifies the OSPF enabled interface. If the interface has an address from the range a.b.c.d/m then enables OSPF on this interface so the router can provide network information to the other OSPF routers via this interface
Area
ospf area; Default: ” “
Specifies OSPF area
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